References

Boulingua draws on a small set of public, openly available frameworks and tools. This page lists those references, acknowledges the inspiration behind the curricula, and provides a citation entry for anyone wishing to cite the project.

Frameworks and standards Link to heading

Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR / GER). Council of Europe, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment (2001) and Companion Volume (2020). https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages
Bildungsplan Baden-Württemberg — Gesamtschule curriculum reference for the EFL and FLE sister sites. https://www.bildungsplaene-bw.de/

Inspiration for examination formats Link to heading

The DaF examination-format YAMLs are structurally inspired by the publicly documented model-exam handbooks of the Goethe-Institut (“Prüfungsziele, Testbeschreibung” / “Modellsatz Erwachsene”), ÖSD, and telc. Boulingua is not affiliated with these institutions, and no actual stimulus material from any official model exam is reproduced; only the structural parameters (number of parts, item counts, timing, scoring weights, rubric dimensions) inform the format YAMLs. All stimulus texts on the sites are original to S. Le Boulanger.

A full bibliography of model-exam handbooks consulted lives on each respective subsite — see for example DaF · Literatur.

Tools and platforms Link to heading

Quarto — used to author the EFL, FLE, DaF and Ressourcen-Hub subsites.
Hugo with the hugo-coder theme — used for this landing page.
GitHub Pages + GitHub Actions — hosting and CI.

Open-content acknowledgements Link to heading

Curated external resources linked from the Ressourcen-Hub come from public-service and institutional sources only — among others Deutsche Welle, the British Council, Radio France Internationale, TV5Monde, and the Goethe-Institut’s freely published practice exercises. No commercial textbook material is paraphrased or reproduced.

Licensing Link to heading

Website code (Quarto config, Hugo templates, Lua filters, Python helpers, SCSS): MIT.
Written content (units, exam exemplars, learning aims): CC-BY-SA 4.0.

Citing Boulingua Link to heading

Machine-readable metadata is provided in each subsite’s CITATION.cff. A suggested citation for the project as a whole:

Le Boulanger, S. (2026). Boulingua — Multilingual Teaching Platform (EFL · FLE · DaF · Ressourcen). boulingua. https://boulingua.github.io/

BibTeX:

@misc{leboulanger_boulingua_2026,
  author       = {Le Boulanger, S.},
  title        = {{Boulingua --- Multilingual Teaching Platform
                   (EFL {\textperiodcentered} FLE {\textperiodcentered}
                   DaF {\textperiodcentered} Ressourcen)}},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {boulingua},
  url          = {https://boulingua.github.io/},
  note         = {MIT (code) / CC-BY-SA 4.0 (content)}
}

To cite a specific subsite, use its CITATION.cff: